> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://cvnnt.gitbook.io/documentation/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://cvnnt.gitbook.io/documentation/system-architecture/governance/system-nodes/smpc-groups.md).

# sMPC groups

sMPC groups of master nodes operate over deterministic data in terms of pre-determined expected messages, pre-determined possible message syntax format and pre-determined Covenant valid addresses data.

#### Group participant trustworthiness requirements:

Each participant needs to meet several certain criteria to nominate themselves to participate in the sMPC group activity, such as:

1\. Sufficient stake amount that is subject to slashing for misbehaviour. 

2\. Sufficient p2p reputation rate achieved via EigenTrust++ implementation. 

3\. Sufficient performance requirements

These requirements to the master node are utilized to increase the participant trustworthiness by increasing node interest in trustworthy behaviour and technical ability to provide stable performance during sMPC participation.

#### **sMPC group trustworthiness assurance:**

1\. sMPC groups are established through a 2-stage group formation process with Whale collusion minimization mechanics and additional randomized shuffling based on Common Coin algorithm.

2\. In addition to the main sMPC group at least one Witness sMPC group runs in parallel, performing the exact same signature generation process. 

3\. Group participant node does not know whether it performs in the main group or Witness group.

These measures are utilized to minimize the probability of participant collusion during their sMPC participation and to increase the sMPC group trustworthiness.